Macor-Machinable Glass Ceramic

Macor, a machinable glass ceramic developed and manufactured by Corning Incorporated, is a high-performance polycrystalline composite material recognized for its uniform white composition. Engineered with synthetic mica crystallites as its primary crystalline phase, Macor delivers exceptional mechanical strength, outstanding dielectric performance, and remarkable thermal stability, making it ideal for use in demanding applications. Its excellent chemical resistance and ease of precision machining further enhance its adaptability, establishing Macor as a trusted solution across aerospace, electronics, and medical industries.

Macor Advantages

Easily machinable with standard metalworking tools.
Supports extremely tight machining tolerances, up to 0.0005 inches (0.013 mm).
Completely non-porous and suitable for vacuum applications without risk of outgassing.
No firing is required after machining, simplifying the manufacturing process.
High Precision: It allows for high dimensional accuracy and surface finish, making it ideal for applications requiring intricate parts.
Macor endures continuous use at temperatures up to 1000°C without degrading, ideal for high-temperature applications
Exhibits low thermal conductivity, making it an effective high-temperature insulator.
Macor is resistant to most chemicals, including acids, bases, and solvents, making it suitable for harsh chemical environments.
Strong and rigid, maintaining its shape without creeping or deforming, unlike high-temperature plastics.
Tailored Designs: Macor can be customized to meet specific industrial requirements, offering flexibility in design and application.
Material Compatibility: Macor can be easily combined with metals and glass, enhancing its versatility in various applications.

Macor Applications

Ultra-high vacuum systems, feedthroughs, and insulators.
Semiconductor equipment fixtures, insulators, and precision parts.
Mass spectrometers, ion traps, and low-temperature systems.
Surgical instruments, diagnostics, and imaging components.
Electric insulators in ion thrusters.
Electrode holders for plasma generators.
Structural supports for high-voltage equipment and transformers.
Precision coil formers (stable and high precision).
Spacers, cavities, and reflectors in laser assemblies.
Satellite system supports (thermally and electronically insulating)

Macor Material Properties

Understanding Macor material properties to help you achieve optimal performance in specific applications

Thermal	SI/Metric	Imperial
CTE -100°C – 25°C	81 x 10^-7/°C	45 x 10^-7/°F
CTE 25°C – 300°C	90 x 10^-7/°C	50 x 10^-7/°F
CTE 25°C – 600°C	112 x 10^-7/°C	62 x 10^-7/°F
CTE 25°C – 800°C	123 x 10^-7/°C	68 x 10^-7/°F
Specific Heat, 25°C	0,79 kJ/kg°C	0.19 Btu/lb°F
Thermal Conductivity, 25°C	1,46 W/m°C	10.16 Btu.in/hr.ft²°F
Thermal Diffusivity, 25°C	7,3 x 10^-7m²/s	0.028 ft²/hr
Continuous Operating Temperature	800°C	1472°F
Maximum No Load Temperature	1000°C	1832°F

Note: Macor is a machinable ceramic produced by Corning Inc

Mechanical	SI/Metric	Imperial
Density	2,52 g/cm³	157 lbs/ft³
Porosity	0%	0%
Young’s Modulus, 25°C(Modulus of Elasticity)	66,9 GPa	9.7 x 10⁶ PSI
Poisson’s Ratio	0,29	0,29
Shear Modulus, 25°C	25,5 GPa	3.7 x 10⁶PSI
Knoop Hardness, 100g	250 kg/mm²	——
Modulus of Rupture, 25°C(Flexural Strength)	94 MPa (Minimum specified average value)	13 600 PSI
Compressive Strength(After polishing)	345 MPa(up to 900 MPa)	49 900 PSI(130 000 PSI)

Electrical	SI/Metric	Imperial
Dielectric Constant, 25°C	——	——
1 kHz	6,01	6,01
8,5 GHz	5,64	5,64
Loss Tangent, 25°C	——	——
1 kHz	0,0040	0,0040
8,5 GHz	0,0025	0,0025
Dielectric Strength (AC) avg. (25°C, under 0,3 mm thickness.)	45 kV/mm	1143 V/mil
Dielectric Strength (DC) avg.(25°C, under 0,3 mm thickness)	129 kV/mm	3277 V/mil
DC Volume Resistivity, 25°C	10¹⁷ Ohm.cm	10¹⁷ Ohm.cm

Note: This value is for reference only and may vary slightly depending on the batch conditions.

Machining Macor

Macor’s machining requires special attention due to its unique properties. It can be processed with standard metalworking tools, but unlike metals, it doesn’t plastically deform, so chip control is essential.To achieve precise dimensions, use hard alloy tools and minimize machine vibrations. Cooling is crucial to dissipate heat and avoid thermal stress. By optimizing these factors, high-precision Macor components can be produced for demanding applications.

Jundro Ceramics is a professional precision manufacturer of Macor Machinable Ceramic materials. We specialize in utilizing our technical expertise and advanced equipment to process high-precision products. Our comprehensive service scope includes material selection, precision machining, surface treatment, and quality testing to ensure that each product can perform at its best in practical applications. If you would like to purchase Macor boards, rods, bars, tubes, or custom machined parts, please contact us

Macor Prototype Machining

Our video showcases the process of prototype machining for Machinable Glass Ceramic

Prototype Machining Case

We specialize in precision machining of Machinable Ceramic with complex shapes, and are able to achieve high-precision machining to meet the needs of various complex designs.

Related Materials and Consultation

Shapal-HI-M

High performance machinable aluminum nitride (AIN) ceramics—Shapal HI-M

Macor RoHS-Certified

Advanced material with RoHS certification – Macor Glass Ceramic

Frequently Asked Questions

How to Choose Between Shapal Hi M Soft and Macor?

1.Which material has better heat dissipation?

Shapal Hi M Soft has a high thermal conductivity of 90 W/(m · K), making it ideal for applications that require thermal conductivity.
Macor is a thermal insulator (1.46 W/(m · K)) that is more suitable for applications that require insulation.

2.How do they perform under rapid temperature changes?

Shapal can handle thermal shock well and is reliable for components frequently exposed to heating and cooling cycles.
However, in this case, Macor is more prone to cracking.

3.What is their maximum operating temperature?

Shapal can withstand temperatures up to 1900 ° C in an inert atmosphere and 1000 ° C in air, making it suitable for extreme environments.
Macor has a lower thermal limit, making it more suitable for medium temperature applications.

4.Which material has higher strength?

Shapal has higher flexural strength (300 MPa) and compressive strength (1200 MPa), making it ideal for high stress applications.
Macor has poor durability, with a bending strength of 94 MPa and a compressive strength of 345 MPa.

5.Is the cost difference significant?

Yes, when Macor’s performance meets application requirements, it is more cost-effective and can save a lot of costs.

6.What factors should be considered when making a choice?

If your project involves high temperature, mechanical stress, or thermal cycling, Shapal is a better choice.
For budget sensitive projects with moderate performance requirements, Macor is a practical alternative.

What Is Macor Made Of?

Macor is a composite material consisting of fluorphlogopite (a type of mica) embedded in a borosilicate glass matrix, with the ratio of mica to glass being approximately 45% and 55%. This structure provides a unique combination of machinability and durability.

2. What are the main chemical components of Macor?

The composition of Macor is:
46% Silicon Dioxide (SiO₂)
17% Magnesium Oxide (MgO)
16% Aluminum Oxide (Al₂O₃)
10% Potassium Oxide (K₂O)
7% Boron Oxide (B₂O₃)
4% Fluorine (F)

3. How does its microstructure enhance its machinability?

The random microcrystalline structure of Macor enables precision machining. Tools can remove micron-sized portions of material without causing cracks or breaks, allowing tight tolerances to be achieved.

4. Why does Macor use borosilicate glass?

Borosilicate glass provides thermal stability, chemical resistance, and structural support similar to applications in test tubes and labware such as Pyrex®.

5. What are the advantages of this composition?

The unique combination of mica and borosilicate glass allows Macor to:

Be highly processable using standard tools.
Be thermally and electrically insulating.
Resistant to high temperatures and a wide range of chemical environments.

What Size of Macor Products Can We Process?

Corning currently only offers two sizes of Macor materials: 330*350*57mm (approximate size) and φ76mm*317mm. Junjie

The Ceramics Department has extensive experience in the processing of Macor machinable ceramics and can process products in the full range of the above two sizes.

We have 8 high-precision ceramic CNC machining centers and a five-axis machining center. The Macor ceramic products we process include: ion trap lens brackets, quadrupole rods

Ceramic brackets, insulators, etc.

Processing accuracy
Flatness: 0.001mm
Dimensional tolerance: 0.001mm
Roughness: Ra0.01um

What Are Glass Ceramic Materials?

Glass ceramics are materials that combine the properties of glass and ceramics, made by controlled crystallization. Common types include:

1. Mica-based glass ceramics
Example: Macor.
Features: Machinable, electrically insulating, low thermal conductivity.

2. Lithium disilicate glass ceramics
Applications: Dental restorations, optical components.
Features: High strength, good transparency, wear resistance.

3. Aluminosilicate glass ceramics
Applications: Cookware, aviation parts, electronics.
Features: Thermal shock resistance, high temperature resistance.

4. Spinel-based glass ceramics
Applications: Transparent armor, optical devices.
Features: High strength, optical transparency.

5. Apatite-based glass ceramics
Applications: Bioceramics for bone and tooth restorations.
Features: Biocompatibility, bonding to tissues.

6. Zirconia-based glass ceramics
Applications: Crowns, cutting tools.
Features: Tough, wear-resistant, thermally stable.
Glass ceramics are widely used and can be used in aerospace, healthcare, electronics and consumer products.

Is Macor Ideal for Prototyping?

1. Can Macor be used for prototyping?
Yes, Macor is ideal for prototyping due to its machinability and ability to achieve tight tolerances.

2. What are the benefits of using Macor for prototypes?
Easy machining: Can be shaped quickly with standard tools.
Cost-effective: More affordable than other advanced ceramics.
Fast turnaround: Ideal for rapid iterations and adjustments.

3. What types of prototypes is Macor suitable for?
Macor is great for high-temperature applications, electrical insulation, and mechanical components.

4. Are there any limitations?
Macor may not be suitable for prototypes requiring high mechanical strength or impact resistance.

5 key Techniques For Macor Ceramic Processing

How to choose tools suitable for Macor ceramic processing?
When processing Macor, it is recommended to use hard alloy tools as they have good wear resistance and high temperature stability. Using appropriate tools can ensure machining accuracy and surface quality, avoiding premature wear of materials.
What is the best processing method for Macor?
Macor can be processed through traditional machining methods such as turning, milling, drilling, and grinding. To ensure machining quality, it is recommended to use low-speed cutting and appropriate coolant to reduce thermal stress and material cracking.
How to avoid cracks during the processing?
Due to Macor being a brittle material, drastic temperature changes should be avoided as much as possible during processing. Using stable cutting parameters and sufficient coolant can reduce thermal stress and avoid cracking.
How to deal with thermal stress during Macor processing?
During the processing, thermal stress may cause material fracture or deformation. To reduce thermal stress, using sufficient coolant and lower cutting speed while maintaining a stable machining temperature can effectively reduce the impact of thermal stress.
How to ensure the machining accuracy of Macor ceramics?
The machining accuracy of Macor ceramics can usually reach ± 0.0005 inches (0.013 millimeters). To ensure high-precision machining, high-quality tools should be used and the settings of the machine tool should be strictly controlled to avoid vibration and errors.